Part 1 – 🔓 Breaking the Unbreakable: The UART Heist Begins! 💥
August 15, 2023 2023-08-18 9:40Part 1 – 🔓 Breaking the Unbreakable: The UART Heist Begins! 💥
Part 1 – 🔓 Breaking the Unbreakable: The UART Heist Begins! 💥
🐱 “Don’t touch that!” White shouted, his ears pinned back in alarm.
The tension in the room was thicker than the smoke wafting from the casino floor below.
🦊 “And why not?” Orange replied coolly, not looking up from the panel, “It was just a simple blue wire.”
🐱 “Because,” White said, enunciating each word clearly, as though explaining the plot of a sitcom to a goldfish.
🐱 “Going into electronics hacking blind means you could blow this up quicker than a gossip in a small town. So listen up, rookie. I’ll show you the plan…”
_______________
Tonight the duo were on assignment, no room for mistakes.
They were in a lavish suite in a high-stakes casino operated on of the outskirts New Wonk City, and the room was as tense as a tightrope.
Their target was a highly secure internet-connected safe that held a ledger, owned by Dark Grey, the
city’s most feared mobster, and leader of the Fourth Street Boys crime gang.
White, a cat with a flair for electronics, held a miniature computer
terminal in one paw, and a data cable in the other. His partner, Orange,
a sophisticated and somewhat impatient fox, was inches away from a
panel they had just exposed on an internet-connected safe.
A document that could change the fate of their city. But first, they had to get ahold of it.
_______________
🦊 “Righto. Do we have everything, then?” Orange glanced at White, fidgeting with the tablet in his paws. 🐱 “I think so. Let’s go through the checklist again” replied White, swiping his paw across the holographic screen.
🦊 “Here’s the USB to TTL Serial Adapter” Orange stated, holding a small, rectangular device with various pins on one end and a USB interface on the other.
🐱 “Essential for establishing a serial connection between us and our target. This adapter translates the computer’s USB signals into serial signals that our target device canunderstand. It’s our translator, essentially. Check.”
🦊 “The Multimeter, for checking voltage” Orange continued, lifting an instrument with a digital display, various knobs, and two probes into the air. 🦊 “This tells us if we have too much or too little electricity running through our circuits. I’m not a fan of getting zapped any more than you are, to be honest, my guy, uh- I mean, sir.” quipped Orange
🐱 “Safety first. We don’t want any fried circuits or to zap ourselves. Check.”
White was almost hypnotically precise, and he had been recruited not just for his stealth, but for his remarkable ability to understand machines, almost as if he could converse with them.
🐱 “Perfect” White breathed as the screen on the terminal stabilized. 🐱 “We were ready to roll.”
🦊 “But we were still in the foyer of this party” Orange countered, his whiskers twitching in amusement. 🦊 “How do we go deeper? How did we ask it, very politely, to hand over the ledger?”
White’s grin widened.🐱 “Ah, for that, we need to craft the perfect sentence — a data frame. Our ‘hello, how do you do?’ to the safe’s inner chamber. “
🐱 “Think of it like this” White continued, the light of the terminal reflecting in his keen eyes.
🐱 “We weren’t just cracking a safe. We were trying to converse with it. And this,” he waved the cable,🐱 “was our opening line.”
🦊 “So, we needed to speak its language. And that is…?” Orange’s ears perked, interested despite himself.
🐱 “Probably “Zippity-zaps” or something like that to you rookies, right?” White said, grinning.
🐱 “Jokes aside, though, It’s a special communication protocol called UART, and it begins with something called the ‘Baud Rate’. “
🐱 “It’s essentially the rhythm of our conversation with the safe. Too fast, and we’re just an annoying chatterbox. Too slow, and we ‘ll be here till the next Ice Age.”
🐱 “Each word needed to be chosen carefully, with the grace of a poet and the precision of a surgeon.”
As they continued their conversation, White’s eyes had suddenly sharpened, and he had reached quickly to the back of the safe they were cracking.
🐱 “Wait, there’s one more crucial step before we proceed further” White announced, as he deftly unplugged the safe from the wall power outlet.
With swift and practiced movements, White then connected a sleek, compact portable battery to the safe’s power input. The digital display on the battery had lit up, confirming a steady output of 5V.
🦊 “What’s this sudden change, White? Why the switch to battery power?” Orange inquired, his whiskers twitching in curiosity.
White explained, his voice steady and focused.
🐱 “In our line of work, control is everything,” he began to speak slowly, checking connections as he spoke.
🐱 “Relying on wall power is like giving our adversary a backdoor into our operations. It’s inconsistent and can fluctuate, which might trigger alarms or damage the system we’re trying to access. Hence this battery.” He patted the small device affectionately.
🦊 “But why specifically 5V?” Orange had asked, leaning in closer to observe the battery’s readout.
🐱 “Ah, the magic number” White responded with a knowing smile. 🐱 “Most digital logic circuits, which are the brains inside this safe, operate at 5V, or 3.3V.”
🐱 It’s their lifeblood, the perfect balance of power and safety. ” White looked up and met Orange’s curious gaze.
🐱 “Too high a voltage, and we risk frying the circuits, turning this operation into a bonfire. Too low, and the system won’t respond at all.”
🐱 “We must always remember, Orange, never work on electronics plugged into a wall socket or 240 volts,” White had lectured, the dry humor of a seasoned veteran clear in his voice. 🐱 “Safety first!”
🦊 “But it’s just so fascinating, I wanted to get into it right now. But, that’s fair, safety first!” Orange had exclaimed, his eyes twinkling with excitement at the sight of the motherboard, just revealed after prying off the back panel of the high-tech safe. 🦊 “So how does this UART thing you mentioned, like, work?”
🐱 “UART,” White began, “stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter. It allows for serial communication between devices. See these four primary pins here?” he pointed, 🐱 “They are TX (transmit), RX (receive), VCC (power), and GND (ground). Let me show you how to connect them.”
🦊 “So we’re just connecting wires?” Orange had asked, bouncing on his feet.
Orange had leaned in, his fox eyes narrowed. 🦊 “So we just have to hook in and say hello?” He had chuckled. 🦊 “Now what’s our opening line? ‘Hello, big guy. Fancy meeting you here.’”
White had chuckled, a sound as warm as a summer breeze. 🐱 “More like introducing ourselves in the proper format — our ‘Data Frame’. It’s the structure of our conversation, and every bit counts, literally.”
🦊 “I’m listening,” Orange purred, eyes never leaving the screen. 🦊 “Walk me through this social etiquette.”
🐱 “First” White explained, “we have the ‘Start Bit’. It’s like knocking on the door. Just one knock — or in our case, one bit — to announce we’re here.”
🦊 “And after knocking?” Orange had inquired, his voice laced with dry humor.🦊 “Do we send flowers? A fruit basket, perhaps?”
🐱 “Oh, we send something far more charming,” White quipped. 🦊 A soft giggle escaped from Orange’s lips before he could stop it, his eyes twinkling with mischief. He quickly cleared his throat, trying to regain his composure. 🐱 “Our ‘Data Bits’ — the heart of our message. Typically, it’s eight bits, forming one byte, that’s the actual data we want to send. And trust me, it’s worth more than a bouquet.”
🦊 “But how do we make sure they understood our ‘charming message’?” Orange had asked, leaning in even closer, captivated by the process. 🦊 “Is there a secret handshake involved?”
White grinned, 🐱 “We have our ‘Parity Bit’, which is our way of double-checking the message. Think of it as asking, ‘Did you catch that?’ It helps detect any errors that might have slipped into our data during the transmission.”
🦊 “And to end our rendezvous?” Orange asked, following White’s every word like a keen student.
🐱 “We conclude with the ‘Stop Bits’,” White had answered, his eyes never leaving the screen as he typed. 🐱 “One or two bits to signal the end of the data frame. It’s our courteous ‘Goodbye’ or ‘Until next time’ to the receiving device.”
🐱 “Exactly” White affirms, 🐱 “and like any great performance, timing is everything. Our ‘Baud Rate’ sets the tempo, and our ‘Data Frame’ is our script. We follow it to the letter.”
🦊 “And if the safe is still playing hard to get” Orange winks playfully, 🦊 “Maybe we can charm it with a little tail wag. Like this,” he adds, giving a gentle and playful perk of his tail, 🦊 “Who knows? You can join the dance too if it’ll help, White!”
The cat gave him a withering look.
🐱 “First, we’ll use a multimeter to verify the TX and RX lines. Observe the multimeter screen when probing these pads.”
Red probe to TX, Black probe to GND
Measure the voltage: ~3.3V or ~5V
If fluctuating, the line is active
🐱 “Now, we’ll connect the USB-to-serial adapter,” White continued,
- 🐱 TX to RX,
- 🐱 RX to TX,
- 🐱 GND to GND,
- 🐱 and VCC as needed (do not use if device is USB or wall powered).
- 🐱 We must ensure the voltage levels match.
🐱 “Okay. That should be all we need to get started.” Smirked White.
Part 2: The Magic of Communication – Diving Deeper into UART 📡
🦊 “So, White,” Orange chirped, 🦊 “this TX and RX stuff... What’s really happening there?”
🐱 “Ah, good question, Orange,” White replied, scratching his chin thoughtfully.
🐱 “TX stands for transmit, and RX stands for receive. They communicate using tiny pulses of electricity. Imagine Morse code, but at a speed your eyes can’t follow.”
🦊 “How tiny?” Orange asked, his eyes widening.
🐱 “Well, they’re often 3.3 or 5 volts, sent in binary sequences to represent data. A bit like binary language for machines,” White explained, drawing a simple diagram on a piece of paper. 🐱 “It’s like speaking in zeros and ones.”
01010100 01111000 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01010010 01111000
🦊 “That’s like science fiction!” Orange exclaimed, leaning closer to the paper. 🦊 “So what happens next?”
🐱 “See these small, labeled pads here? Those are the UART pads. They’re our gateway into the device’s console” White explains, pointing with a precise paw.
Orange nods, leaning in to get a better look. He’s clearly attentive, his eyes following White’s every move. 🦊 “And that’s where we connect the serial adapter?”
🐱 “Exactly! The pads are usually labeled – TX, RX, and GND. TX is for transmitting data, RX is for receiving, and GND is our common ground” White elaborates, his voice steady and warm.
Orange’s ears perk up; he’s hanging on every word. 🦊 “So, it’s like we’re setting up a little chatroom between our computer and this device, right?”
White chuckles, a soft and pleasant sound. 🐱 “Perfect analogy. Now, let’s connect the TX pad here to the RX pin on our serial adapter.”
Orange grins, gingerly making the connection as guided. He takes a brief moment to ensure his movements are precise, clearly valuing White’s guidance. 🦊 “And now they’re saying hello, or rather, understanding how the other says hello!”
🐱 “Exactly! And don’t forget the RX pad. It needs a friend too—connect it to the TX pin on our adapter. And finally, GND to GND. It’s grounding our communication, literally and figuratively.”
As White explains, Orange’s focus never wavered. He listened intently, his eyes momentarily softer when they fleetingly met White’s, but he quickly refocused on the task at hand. 🦊 “There! All connected.”
White’s whiskers twitched in amusement. 🐱 “Brilliantly done, Orange. Now, to the control room — or rather, our terminal window — to see what secrets they share.”
🐱 “Now we witness the booting process, Orange. Pay close attention.”
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 3 ... 2 ... 1 ... U-Boot 20XX CPU: ARMv7 Processor [410fc075] Board: SecureSafe Model X DRAM: 128 MiB NAND: 32 MiB MMC: SDCard: 0 Loading environment from NAND... OK Boot Source: NAND In: serial Out: serial Err: serial Net: Eth0 Safe Lock State: - Lock Mechanism: Enabled - Current State: Locked - Attempt Counter: 0 - Maximum Attempts: 5 - Time to Auto-Reset Counter: 30 minutes - Biometric Sensor: Active - Keypad: Enabled - Serial Control: Disabled Press "L" key to enter Lock Control...
🦊 “Wait, wait!” Orange yelled, pressing the SPACE key. 🦊 “What was that at the start about the boot? Interrupt? What?”
🐱 “You can interrupt the boot sequence,” White said, a small smile playing on his lips. 🐱 “This gives us access to the bootloader menu. Some manufacturers are so careless that they leave a master admin mode accessible right there. “
With the connections secure, White was ready for the next step. His movements were swift and deliberate, like a seasoned general commanding a strategic play.
🐱 “We need to toggle the power to force a reboot. Watch the console output when it starts up” White instructed, reaching for the power switch.
Orange, quick to catch on, was already one step ahead. 🦊 “Got it. I’ll interrupt the bootloader when prompted. We need to access the command line, right?”
As the system started to reboot, Orange anticipated the precise moment to interrupt the bootloader. In his eagerness, he moved his paw toward the same button White was reaching for.
For a split second, their paws ended up layered atop each other, an unexpected overlap. Orange’s fur seemed to stand ever so slightly on end, and his eyes widened subtly.
🦊 “Oh! I’m so sorry” Orange stammered, quickly retracting his paw and looking slightly flustered, though he tried to mask it with a cough. 🦊 “Didn’t mean to step on your operation here.”
White, seemingly unfazed and ever focused, offered a quick shake of his head. 🐱 “No need for apologies, Orange. Slow down, focus; that’s all. Now, let’s catch that bootloader.”
Orange took a deep breath to steady himself and nodded, a soft and appreciative smile briefly crossing his face before he turned his attention back to the screen. 🦊 “Right. Eyes on the prize.”
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 3 ... 2 ... 1 ...
With swift precision, Orange interrupted the autoboot, halting the device in its tracks. The terminal window displayed the bootloader prompt, awaiting their command. 🦊
🦊 “Autoboot interrupted” Orange announced, his tone steady but with a hint of satisfaction. 🦊 “We have control of the command line.”
White nodded approvingly, a subtle sign of respect for Orange’s quick action. 🐱 “Excellent work, Orange. Let’s take a moment to summarize our steps for clarity.”
Orange’s ears perked slightly at the compliment, though he remained focused. 🦊 “We located the UART pads on the motherboard and connected them to our serial adapter — TX to RX, RX to TX, and GND to GND” he recapped, his eyes flicking toward White for a brief moment.
White continued, his voice clear and instructive. 🐱 “Correct. That established our communication channel.
Orange looked up at White, perhaps hopeful to catch a glance of approval.
🐱 “We then toggled the power to initiate a reboot, and you expertly interrupted the autoboot process. This gives us access to the bootloader command line.”
Orange nodded, subtly leaning in a fraction closer to White as he added his understanding of the ‘why’.
🦊 “And we did this to gain low-level access to the device. This allows us to inspect, modify, or recover the firmware, essentially giving us control over the device’s operating system.”
White affirmed with a decisive nod, his face the picture of focus. 🐱 “Precisely. A crucial step when the usual interfaces are locked or compromised. We’re now in a position to assess and respond effectively to the situation at hand.”
U-Boot 20XX
Fallback Boot Options: 1. Regular Boot 2. Recovery Mode 3. Master Admin Mode
🦊 “Number three, right?” Orange guessed, his tail wagging with excitement.
🐱 “Exactly,” White confirmed, 🐱 “and now we’re root. We can look around the filesystem.”
# ls /home user1 user2 master_lock_reset.sh
🦊 “That script,” Orange said, his voice filled with awe. “Is that…?”
🐱 “Yes, Orange,” White nodded gravely. 🐱 “That script will reset the master lock. It’s almost too easy sometimes.”
# ./home/master_lock_reset.sh Master lock reset successful.
🦊 “We did it!” Orange cheered, dancing around the room.
🐱 “Not yet, my young friend,” White said, his voice a quiet warning. 🐱 “We still have to retrieve the diskette and escape unnoticed. But so far, so good.”
Part 3: The Grand Escape – Securing The Prize and Learning A Lesson 🏆
🐱 “Got it!” White exclaimed, holding up the diskette, their ticket to success. 🐱 “Now let’s make sure we remember everything we’ve learned.”
🦊 “Right,” Orange nodded, his heart pounding with the thrill of the heist. 🦊 “We connected a USB adapter to the motherboard, wired the serial adapter, and communicated using UART.”
🦊 “Don’t forget this!” Orange grinned, holding up the gaussing EMP.
🦊 “For the tapes.”
The door creaked open, and a smooth voice cut through the room like silk.
🐺 “Well now, what do we have here?” Dark Grey, the casino owner and mob boss, himself a well-dressed Akita, stepped into the room, a robotic eye glinting ominously. His movement had an unspoken allure, and he licked his lips as he eyed the intruders.
🐺 “You boys seem a tad lost,” he cooed.
White’s eyes narrowed 🐱 “Just passing through,” he replied, maintaining his composure.
🐺 Dark Grey’s smile began to widen, showing enough teeth to start making the duo nervous.
🐺 “I know you are,” he growled, his voice a blend of menace and confidence.
🐺 “You’re after the ledger, ain’t ya?”
Orange’s hand twitched towards his gun. 🦊 “Maybe,” he stammered, caught off guard.
🐺 “You’ve got guts, I’ll give you that.” Dark Grey sneered, sauntering closer.
🦊 “Guts? No. Just brains,” Orange snapped, his eyes fixed on the approaching mob boss.
Dark Grey chuckled, his eyes cold and calculating. 🐺 “Brains, huh? I’ll enjoy watching them spill.” He growled, leaning closer.
🐱 “I’m terrified, champ.” White taunted. 🐱 “Is that all you’ve got? You can’t even control your own appetite, let alone this town.”
🐺“Control? CONTROL? I’ll show you losing control, you cocky little freak.” Dark Grey roared, lunging at White, grabbing him by the throat and pinning him to the wall.
White felt something snap. It wasn’t the wall.
Saliva dripped from his snarling mouth as he ran his tongue along White’s cheek, tasting the squirming cat like the large predator he was. 🐺“I was always told to never play with my food.” he growled, smirking. 🐺“I don’t like being told what to do.”
🦊 “WHITE!” Orange shouted, by the time the word had left his mouth he had drawn his blaster and was firing on Dark Grey.
The shot grazed the mob boss’s jacket, tearing it. He howled in rage, releasing White and charging at them on all fours, the last vestiges of his humanity gone, replaced by pure fury, his once beautiful suit torn asunder.
🐱 “RUN!” White gasped, clutching his throat, and they bolted toward the window.
🦊 Orange shattered the glass with a single shot, the gauss EMP at the ready. “It’s a magnetic pulse, it’ll erase the tapes, obliterate our trail. NOW!” White screamed, and Orange tossed the bomb, fulfilling their mission.
Dark Grey was relentless, his howls echoing through the room, his claws slashing the air, his eyes wild with rage.
🐺“GET BACK HERE!” Dark Grey howled, splittle flecking Orange’s back as he ran for his life.
They leaped through the shattered window, glass shards raining around them, the mob boss’s enraged roars ringing in their ears.
The getaway car was waiting, engine humming, ready to whisk them away. With one last look back at the snarling beast that had once been Dark Grey, they jumped in, hearts pounding, knowing they had narrowly escaped with their lives.
🐺 “I WILL GET YOU FOR THIS!” they heard in the distance as they peeled out.
🦊 “We did it, White!” Orange cheered as the car sped away, the mission a success.
Part 4: Lessons Learned
🐆 “Come in,” Alpha’s voice rang out, 🐆 clear as a winter morning, as they knocked on the door.
🐱 “Just remember to breathe, my young friend,” White said, his voice soothing as he caught Orange’s nervous glance while they approached Alpha’s office. He gave Orange a reassuring smile. Orange straightened his back and pulled himself together.
🐆 “Come in,” Alpha’s voice rang out, clear as a winter morning, as they knocked on the door.
🦊 “Ma’am,” Orange began, a subtle tremble in his voice betraying his excitement, 🦊 “We’ve completed the mission, and I believe we’ve learned a lot.” He exchanged a glance with White.
🐱 “Indeed, we’ve succeeded,” White confirmed, 🐱 “Shall we walk and talk, Alpha?”
🐆 “Very well,” Alpha agreed, rising gracefully from her desk. They began to stroll through the hallways of The Academy, students diligently practicing their craft all around.
🐱 “The mission began with identifying the unknown motherboard’s UART connections, a delicate and critical process,” White explained, pausing by a window overlooking a training field.
🦊 “The UART, or Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter, was unknown, ma’am,” Orange continued, 🦊 “We had to first identify the TX (Transmit) and RX (Receive) pins, as well as the GND (Ground) pad on the motherboard.”
🐆 “A complex task, no doubt,” Alpha mused, her eyes reflecting the precision of a seasoned leader. 🐆 “How did you ensure your safety?”
🐱 “With the multimeter, ma’am,” White said, guiding them into a corridor adorned with portraits of legendary spies. 🐱 “We checked the voltage of the pins, ensuring that it matched our USB-Serial adapter’s requirements. An incorrect voltage could have damaged the components.”
🦊 “Then came the wiring, ma’am,” Orange added, his voice filled with enthusiasm. 🦊 “The USB to TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) Serial Adapter was connected to the pins, ensuring that the TX of our adapter met the RX of the device, and vice versa.”
🐆 “And the communication process?” Alpha inquired, her eyes narrowed, expecting the detailed explanation.
🐱 “That required setting the correct Baud rate, parity, and stop bits, ma’am,” White elaborated, his voice resonating in the grand hall. 🐱 “The Baud rate is the speed of communication, while parity ensures data integrity, and stop bits signal the end of a data packet.”
🦊 “Connecting to the computer terminal was our next step,” Orange said, as they reached a balcony overseeing the academy’s vast technology labs. 🦊 “This allowed us to interact with the bootloader, access admin mode, and navigate the filesystem.”
🐆 “A remarkable feat,” Alpha said, her voice filled with admiration. 🐆 “I trust this mission was a success?”
🐱 “A success indeed, ma’am,” White confirmed, a glint of pride in his eyes as they returned to Alpha’s office. 🐱 “But only thanks to careful planning, precise execution, and, of course, the quick learning of our young Orange here.”
🦊 Orange grinned, his heart swelling with pride, as he looked at White, grateful for the mentorship and approval.
🐆 “Very well done,” Alpha said, nodding in satisfaction.
🐆 “You have both served The Academy with distinction.”
~FIN~
Lesson Summary:
Tools used:
-
- USB to TTL Serial Adapter
-
- Multimeter (to check voltage)
-
- Computer with terminal access
-
- Gaussing EMP (optional) (for making a clean spy getaway and erasing the security tapes)
Steps taken:
-
- Located motherboard and identified TX, RX, GND pads.
-
- Wired the serial adapter using appropriate pins and checked the connections with a multimeter.
-
- Interacted with bootloader, accessed admin mode, navigated the filesystem.
-
- Ran the master_lock_reset.sh script to unlock the safe.
-
- Retrieved the diskette, erased surveillance tapes, and escaped. (Optional)
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